A match is such a simple, everyday and ordinary thing. How many of us know when the first match appeared? Most likely - a few. It was in 1833 on April 10. On this day, yellow phosphorus was introduced into the composition for the match head.
Content
A little about match production
There are several dozen types of matches, among which there are special ones - hunting. Their difference from the usual (household) ones is that in addition to the usual head, there is also an additional coating on the stick, which allows the flame to be hotter and burn longer (up to 20 seconds).
Hunting or storm matches can be lit even in wet and windy weather.
The main secret of ignition lies in the head: during storage it does not crumble, and when ignited, it does not fall off from the stick, which should almost instantly go out when ignited.
Instances designed for use in extreme conditions are coated with an additional compound to burn longer, and a special film prevents wetting.
In Russia, the main wood used for manufacturing is aspen. Numerous head mixes representing multi-stage systems have been used over the years in the production of matches. Each manufacturer has its own recipe for incendiary mixture, which is strictly guarded.
The reaction that occurs during the combustion of the head is a chemical process, therefore the production of such products must comply with GOST. An important indicator is the ease of ignition, which must meet certain parameters.
High sensitivity matches may ignite during slight friction during transport. Even in modern production, special conditions are observed when transporting raw materials, for example, berthollet salt cannot be transported together with phosphorus.
match sticks are impregnated with phosphoric acid and covered with paraffin.
After that, to obtain the heads, the rod is dipped in a sulfuric solution. The process of "dipping" is also interesting. The blanks are inserted into a special matrix 2 meters wide, which moves thousands of heads into the mixture. They also dry on this tape.
In 2011, United Match Company JSC was created, which consisted of 3 largest manufacturers in Russia:
- "Victory" (1858) Penza region;
- "Belka-favorite" (1909) Kirov region;
- "Fesco" (1973) Vologda region.
There are several more match production facilities in Russia.
Features of storm matches
They are designed to be used in all weather conditions. They will not be extinguished by a strong wind, and some even burn under water, for which a special mixture is used. Such matches differ from the usual ones with a longer rod and a head (up to 80% of the length of the product), containing a significant amount of berthollet's salt. They light up quickly and stay on for at least 8 seconds.
After ignition, an intense flame with a high temperature appears.When the head burns out, the wooden rod burns like a normal one. Hunting specimens are of regular size and elongated. They are packed tightly in a plastic bag or container - this is the most convenient form for hunters and fishermen in extreme conditions.
There are matches marked moisture resistant, which burn even after getting into water. They do not have specific standards for rod length and burn time. At the factory, such copies are impregnated with a special composition that cannot be made at home (you can find many articles on the Internet on how to make waterproof matches with your own hands).
There are matches for lighting a fire in adverse conditions. The rods for them can be made of pressed sawdust, cardboard or paper. They are issued under the name "special or special purpose"
Hunting matches should not be used indoors, as toxic smoke is emitted during combustion.
Product overview
The most inexpensive moisture resistant matches
Hunting matches (Windproof)
It is new for May 2020. 6 matches and a grater are packed in dense plastic that does not allow them to get wet in any environment.
To open, you need to make an effort. The matches are impregnated with an anti-decay solution to prevent a fire.
Price from 26 rubles.
Advantages:
- strong packaging;
- indispensable for making a fire.
Disadvantages:
- a small amount of;
- when wet, the brush loses its properties.
Hunting
These matches are made in accordance with GOST R 56388-2015 at the FESKO factory. There are 20 pieces in a box. This is a necessary thing for fishermen and hunters, since you can light a fire in any weather.
The cost is about 28 rubles.
Advantages:
- low price:
- a large number of.
Disadvantages:
- are available in a cardboard box.
Robinson 2 in 1
Do you want to make an unusual gift for a fisherman or hunter? Then choose this unusual double-sided box, which contains household (40 pcs.) And hunting (15 pcs.) Matches, which will come in handy in a humid environment.
Burning of a regular match lasts 3 seconds, a special one - up to 10 seconds. The length is 43 mm.
The price is about 45 rubles.
Advantages:
- dual purpose;
- affordable cost.
Disadvantages:
- not detected.
Boyscout Columbus
Unlike campfire matches, these matches have a thickened, large head. This quality helps the lit fire not to go out during bad weather. Matches can be used as an alternative fuel in unfavorable conditions for fishermen and hunters.
Rod length - 40 mm, pack of 20.
Price from 47 rubles.
Advantages:
- do not go out in adverse weather conditions.
Disadvantages:
- not detected.
Moisture resistant
Produced by the Belka Favorit factory. A special incendiary mixture allows the flame not to extinguish in strong wind and humidity, which allows you to quickly light a fire or brazier. The composition of the match allows it to burn under any unfavorable conditions: the flame does not extinguish even in strong winds. They can be used to light a fire or barbecue. There are boxes of 10 and 20 pieces.
Product length - 85 mm, burning time: up to 20 seconds.
Price from 54 rubles.
Advantages:
- high-quality incendiary mixture.
Disadvantages:
- must be stored in a dry place.
The best moisture resistant matches of the middle price segment
For tourists ECO
These matches performed well when tested in vivo. The head quickly lights up and the flame does not go out for a long time, having time to kindle a fire. Compacted cardboard impregnated with a special composition is used as a material - this allows the match to burn for 3 minutes.
There are 8 pieces in a box, the length of the match is 50 mm.
The price is about 90 rubles.
Advantages:
- proven quality.
Disadvantages:
- high price
Extreme (hunting) 20pcs / box
They are often used not only in any weather, but also by pyrotechnics, because the flame does not go out in rain, wind and water. These oversized head matches are designed for lighting in high wind and high humidity conditions.They do not require special storage conditions, as they are not afraid of moisture.
Products are produced under the Image brand (Leningrad Region), in a box packaged in 20 pieces, length 45 mm.
Price from 25 to 80 rubles.
Advantages:
- burn even in water.
Disadvantages:
- cardboard box
Touristic matches Boyscout Campfire, 90 mm, 30 pcs
The products are manufactured by the Russian company LinkGroup, which produces goods for outdoor activities.
The length of the match is 90 mm, which makes it easy to light a fire. The box contains 30 pcs.
Price from 70 rubles.
Advantages:
- convenient for ignition.
Disadvantages:
- store in a dry place.
Burning Pathfinder
These matches are made of pressed paper that is impregnated with a flammable mixture with a ignition head. They are packaged in 5 pieces and placed in a box with 2 ribbons. It is a must for lighting fire in extreme conditions.
Price from 60 rubles.
Advantages:
- convenient packaging.
Disadvantages:
- should be stored exclusively in a dry place.
Special-purpose matches
These are matches with a length of 85 mm and a burning time of up to 20 seconds. The composition of the head mixture is capable of igniting without oxygen and regardless of weather conditions. There are 20 pieces in a box.
The price is about 70 rubles.
Advantages:
- burns underwater.
Disadvantages:
- not detected.
Hunting Squirrel Favorite
These matches are for anglers and hunters. They are moisture resistant, and the burning time (up to 10 seconds) does not depend on climatic conditions. Longer flame retention is provided by a special compound that lubricates the rod below the head.
Additionally, a composition of starch and naphthalene is applied - it helps the match burn in winds up to 16 points.
Length: 42 mm, box of 20
Price 45 rubles.
Advantages:
- burns in all weather conditions;
- convenient to use.
Disadvantages:
- not detected.
Hunting Special Forces
These matches are indispensable for lighting fires in strong winds or rainy weather. The rod, made of aspen, is 2/3 saturated with sulfur, which allows them to quickly ignite and burn for a long time without oxygen.
Matches do not become damp at high humidity, and also do not lose their properties when interacting with water. The rod length is 82 mm and the burning time is up to 8 seconds.
The price is about 60 rubles.
Advantages:
- not afraid of moisture;
- long.
Disadvantages:
- not detected.
Eternal match Small Pathfinder
It is a simple and reliable means of getting fire in any conditions. The device consists of a cylinder filled with gasoline. The only "match" must be unscrewed and struck along the magnesium side of the bottle.
You can refuel such a device many times. The fire turns out to be kindled in any weather conditions.
The cost is 90 rubles.
Advantages:
- long-term use;
- convenient storage.
Disadvantages:
- need to refuel.
Conclusion
Special-purpose matches that are resistant to any conditions (on a hike, fishing, in the forest) should be included with every emergency equipment. There are many different brands of matches on the market, including moisture resistant ones. We hope that our article helped to get acquainted with the features of such a product in more detail and make the right choice.
