Ever since the monkey first took a stick in his hand, there has been a constant development of new and modernization of old devices and mechanisms to facilitate human labor. With the development of small business in the field of agriculture, as well as an increase in the number and size of private farmland, there is an increasing need to increase productivity and mechanization of human labor in agriculture with minimal investment in the implementation of this task. Demand generates supply, and there is a huge amount of garden tools and equipment on the market that facilitate the work of gardeners, summer residents, gardeners and farmers. Not the last place is occupied by mini tractors that can help a person in processing a fairly large area of land. The editors of the site "bestx.htgetrid.com/en/" will help you understand the issue of choosing a mini-tractor.
Content
Mini tractor - what is it
There is no official concept of "mini-tractor". There is an official classification of self-propelled vehicles, according to which self-propelled vehicles of category B most of all fall under the concept of "mini-tractor" - tracked and wheeled self-propelled devices with an engine with an output of less than 27.5 kW (37.4 hp).
All mini-tractors, including home-made ones, are subject to registration with the Gostekhnadzor inspection, are subject to taxation and must be inspected regularly. In addition, the person who will drive a mini-tractor must have a tractor driver's license with an open corresponding category for the right to drive a self-propelled machine.
If a mini-tractor moves on public roads, and its passport maximum speed is more than 20 km / h, in addition to the above documents, you must have an OSAGO policy with you. If the mini-tractor is transported in the back of a car, trailer or semitrailer, you do not need to issue an OSAGO policy.
It is important to know that a walk-behind tractor with a trailer is not a mini-tractor, is not subject to registration with Gostekhnadzor, and driving on such vehicles on public roads is prohibited.
What is a mini tractor
A mini tractor is not a miniature copy of a large tractor, but a complete mechanism.
The main elements of the mini-tractor:
- Frame;
- Engine;
- Transmission;
- Governing bodies;
- External lighting devices;
- Power take-off;
- Hydraulic system.
Let's dwell on each element in a little more detail.
Frame
The frame is what the engine, transmission elements of the mini-tractor and attached implements are attached to. The frame bears the main load from the weight of the tractor elements and the load arising from the use of an attached tool (plow, cultivator, harrow, seeder, blade).
Installation of attachments is possible both behind the tractor and in front. This allows you to use the mini-tractor not only in agricultural work, but also to carry out a wide range of communal work, such as cleaning the territory from mud and snow.It can also be used with a cargo trailer, as a vehicle that allows you to transport small loads over distances within the territory of the enterprise. The tractor frame can be one-piece and articulated. The articulated frame slightly complicates the design without significantly increasing its cost, but allows you to get better maneuverability and cross-country ability.
Engine
The mini-tractors are equipped with a four-stroke diesel or gasoline engine. Gasoline engines are lighter and lighter, but the diesel engine has a smoother torque response across a wider crankshaft speed range, making it better able to handle varying loads. In addition, the diesel engine is more economical.
Modern engines, even of the smallest power, are equipped with an electric starter, which simplifies its operation.
Transmission
A manual transmission is installed on mini-tractors. The number of forward gears varies from 4 to 8; for reverse, there are usually 2 gears.
The transmission of torque from the engine to the transmission, on tractors with low power, can be carried out by means of a V-belt transmission, which simplifies the arrangement of the tractor elements among themselves.
The tractor suspension has no springs or shock absorbers. The rear axle is rigidly attached to the frame, a balanced suspension is used in front. Some models have the ability to change the track gauge.
Governing bodies
Mini tractors, for the most part, do not have a closed cab. This was done, first of all, to reduce dimensions and weight, to simplify loading, unloading and transportation, to reduce the cost of the tractor and to use the engine power more efficiently, without spending it on the microclimate of the cabin and moving excess weight. All electrical devices and switches are reliably protected from moisture. The materials from which the controls are made are durable and indifferent to temperature extremes and high humidity.
External lighting devices
Very often, agricultural work in the spring and autumn period of the year begins early in the morning and ends in the late evening. So that there are no restrictions on the use of a mini-tractor during the day, it is equipped with sufficiently powerful headlights that allow you to work in a period of insufficient illumination.
Since the mini-tractor has the ability to move on public roads, it can be equipped with direction indicators, front and rear, and brake lights.
Power take-off (PTO)
The presence of a power take-off makes the mini-tractor more versatile, since it makes it possible to connect additional equipment using a drive cardan shaft, for the operation of which an additional drive is required, for example, a brush for sweeping paths.
Hydraulic system
A small hydraulic system is necessary to automate the processes of lifting to transport position and lowering to working position of the tractor attachment.
Mini tractor manufacturing companies and their products
In every country where private agriculture is well developed, there is a production of equipment that makes it possible to facilitate the work of the farmer and the cultivator. There are many small companies working only for the domestic market, but there are also real world-famous monsters who deserve the trust of people working on the ground.
Company "MITRAX"
It is worth mentioning the MITRAX trademark even for the fact that it is a domestic manufacturer, trying to use the maximum possible number of components produced in Russia in the production of its tractors. The company is young - it was created in 2015 on the basis of the Vulkan software. At the moment, the company assembles three models of mini-tractors: MITRAX T10, MITRAX T100 and MITRAX T150.
Mini-tractor MITRAX T10
This model is equipped with an air-cooled four-stroke gasoline engine with a capacity of 10 or 15 hp.The manual transmission has three steps forward and one reverse gear. The tractor is equipped with a power take-off, which makes it possible to expand its possibilities for the use of additional attachments. Most of the components are of domestic production, which gives a certain advantage when repairs are needed.
The average price of MITRAX T10 is 265,000 rubles.
Advantages:
- Low price;
- Manufacturing in Russia;
- Versatility.
Disadvantages:
- Air cooled engine.
Rossel company
The Dutch company Rossel produces mini-tractors and attachments for them and is a subsidiary of the large concern New Holland, which produces a wide range of construction, road and agricultural equipment. The mini-tractors Rossel are equipped with Japanese engines "Kama" or "Kubota", which increase not only the reliability and economy of the tractor, but also the efficiency of the robots.
Mini tractor Rossel XT-152D
This mini-tractor is powered by a Japanese water-cooled Kama R18 four-stroke diesel engine with a power of 18 hp. and excellent fuel efficiency - fuel consumption under load is 0.8 l / h. Transmission with manual gearbox. There are 6 steps for moving forward and 2 steps for moving backward. There is a possibility of increasing the track. The model is equipped with a hydraulic output and a power take-off shaft, which significantly expands its capabilities for working with attached and trailed equipment.
The average price of Rossel XT-152D is 179,900 rubles.
Advantages:
- Low price;
- Fuel efficiency;
- Versatility.
Disadvantages:
- Not four-wheel drive.
Minsk Tractor Works
MTZ was founded back in 1946. Today it is one of the largest manufacturers of pneumatic tractors. Having a wealth of personal experience in creating machines for agriculture and taking into account the tendency of an increase in small farms in the CIS countries, such a large manufacturer could not stand aside, as a result, several models of mini-tractors were created.
Mini-tractor Belarus 132H
The main feature of this tractor is the articulated frame, which makes it very manoeuvrable. Mini-tractor Belarus 132H has all-wheel drive. If necessary, the rear axle can be disabled. The track is adjustable from 600 to 840 mm. The presence of a power take-off shaft allows you to use a wide range of attachments and trailed equipment for agricultural work. The power take-off shaft has two modes of operation - dependent (1200 rpm) and synchronous (4.87 rpm). The mini-tractor is equipped with a Japanese gasoline engine Honda GX390, which develops a power of 13 hp. Another feature of this model is the manual transmission, which has 4 forward and 3 reverse gears, which makes it possible to work more efficiently in confined spaces.
Average price Belarus 132H - 230 385 rubles.
Advantages:
- Maneuverability;
- Four-wheel drive;
- The presence of a blocking of the interwheel differential of the front axle;
- Three reverse gears.
Disadvantages:
- Low agrotechnical clearance, only 270 mm.
MasterYard company
The MasterYard company has its roots in France and is a subsidiary of Pubert, which occupies a fourth of the world agricultural machinery market and has more than 150 years of history. MasterYard's manufacturing facilities are located in China. The quality of the products is carefully controlled by the parent company. France is a country with a strong industry and equally strong agriculture. Products under the MasterYard brand represent centuries of experience in the manufacture of tools and mechanisms to facilitate the work of agricultural workers at a reasonable price.
Mini-tractor MasterYard M244 4WD
Quite powerful, four-wheel drive mini-tractor with a three-cylinder diesel engine.The engine, which develops 24 hp, is better balanced than the single and twin cylinder, resulting in less noise and vibration. The tractor has differential locks, which increases its efficiency when working on snow and soggy soil. It has a good agrotechnical clearance of more than 350 mm. The instrument panel has a tachometer, a fuel level indicator, and a battery charge level indicator. All this increases the level of comfort at work. The power take-off shaft has two speeds - 540 and 1000 rpm. There is also a hydraulic outlet allowing the use of attachments for utility work.
The average price of MasterYard M244 4WD is 469,990 rubles.
Advantages:
- High quality;
- Power;
- Versatility.
Disadvantages:
- Quite a lot of weight and dimensions for transportation.
Shibaura Company
Shibaura was founded in 1950 in Japan by the initiative of two well-known companies, Toshiba and IHI. All production is carried out in Japan, which makes its mark on the final cost of the product. Despite the excellent quality and reliability, it is becoming more and more difficult to compete with other companies in the tractor market.
Mini-tractor Shibaura ST333 HST
A powerful engine (33 hp), four-wheel drive, an automatic continuously variable transmission, an informative instrument panel, a power take-off shaft, a hydraulic output - all this pales against the background of the price.
Average price Shibaura ST333 HST - 2 399 900 rubles.
Advantages:
- High quality;
- Power;
- Automatic transmission.
Disadvantages:
- Very high price.
Dong Feng Company
Dong Feng is one of the largest self-propelled vehicle manufacturers in China. It was founded over 60 years ago. Today, a huge number of people around the world, working both in private farmsteads, in farms, and in large agricultural enterprises, trust the products of this company. Unpretentiousness and simplicity are the main advantages of the mini-tractors of this brand.
Dong Feng DF-244 mini tractor
Three-cylinder, 24 hp diesel engine makes this tractor a good helper in farming. Simplicity of design and, at the same time, good functionality make it a good purchase. His tool kit for agricultural and utility work has everything you need, this is four-wheel drive, and a two-speed PTO, and a hydraulic output. The only modest indicator for a fairly powerful mini-tractor is a small agrotechnical clearance, only 290 mm.
The average price of Dong Feng DF-244 is 610,000 rubles.
Advantages:
- Power;
- Simplicity of design.
Disadvantages:
- Small clearance;
- Not a large number of gears for such power - 4 forward, 1 reverse.
A little about homemade tractors
You can make a mini-tractor with your own hands, no one forbids you to do this, but in accordance with the Rules for the state registration of tractors with the Gostekhnadzor, everything that looks like a tractor (except for a walk-behind tractor) with an engine volume of more than 50 cc is subject to registration.
Some sites provide information that if the homemade product is transported in the back of a car or trailer, then registration is not required. This is not true. When transporting a tractor in a car or trailer, as noted above, you are not required to have an OSAGO insurance policy for the tractor and documents for the right to drive this type of self-propelled machine, but registration documents are the only documents confirming your ownership.
In order to register a home-made tractor, you must be over 18 years old, you must have a residence permit and must have documents confirming the legality of the acquisition of numbered units used in the assembly of the machine.
In addition, the car must be submitted for a state technical inspection, after which an opinion will be issued in the form of an inspection certificate on compliance with the safety standard and technical requirements.On the basis of this act, you will be given a passport of a self-propelled vehicle, after which the homemade tractor is registered and becomes a reality in the flesh.
It doesn't matter what kind of mini-tractor you have: home-made or factory-made, expensive or cheap, branded or from an unknown manufacturer. The main thing is that he becomes a good helper for you in your work, and not a burden and a headache. The choice is yours.
