Scuba diving is an indispensable unit for people whose hobbies or work is related to diving. The main function of this device is to ensure the flow of air into the human lungs. For comfortable and safe diving, it is important to understand how to choose the right equipment. The editorial staff of the site "bestx.htgetrid.com/en/" offers an overview of the best scuba diving equipment for 2020.
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Who invented scuba gear
The first example of scuba gear was invented in the 19th century by Benoit Rouqueirole and Auguste Deneiruz, and it was thanks to this invention that they met. Mining engineer Rouqueirol was developing an autonomous breathing apparatus for lowering into the mine, and the lieutenant of the French fleet Deneirouz, having learned about this, suggested using this unit for immersing a person under water. The equipment was patented, but not widely used due to the high price and a number of serious shortcomings. The cylinders could withstand slight pressure and allowed the scuba diver to stay under water for only a few minutes, then it was required to supply air from the surface using a pump.
In 1936, the Frenchman Yves Le Priyor invented a completely self-contained unit capable of withstanding pressures up to 150 atmospheres. The design included not only the apparatus itself, but also a special mask filled with air from a balloon.
An improved design for scuba diving was created by the captain of the French fleet, Jacques Yves Cousteau, together with engineer Emile Gagnan in 1943. It was an efficient and safe unit that allowed the scuba diver to dive to a depth of 60 meters. Subsequently, this device became the main element of divers' equipment, in France it was sold under the Aqua Lung trademark.
What are scuba gear
The best manufacturers offer a variety of diving equipment: new and popular models, budget devices and premium products. The entire range of scuba gear can be roughly divided into the following types, depending on the breathing pattern:
- With an open breathing pattern. These are inexpensive, lightweight and compact units. This type of breathing does not allow the reuse of the exhaled air: it does not mix with the air in the cylinder, the scuba diver exhales directly into the water. The design is simple and safe, it excludes the possibility of carbon dioxide poisoning or oxygen starvation. However, it has a serious disadvantage: a shallow diving depth due to the high consumption of the breathing mixture.
- With a closed breathing circuit. The principle of operation of the equipment is that the exhaled air is purified of carbon dioxide, enriched with oxygen and used again for breathing. The equipment is lightweight and compact, it allows the scuba diver to dive to great depths and stay under water for a long time.However, such scuba gear is not intended for beginners and is quite expensive.
- With a semi-closed breathing pattern. The device works as follows: part of the exhaled air is filled with oxygen and becomes breathable again, and the excess is thrown into the water.
Depending on the number of cylinders, scuba gear is subdivided into one-, two- and three-cylinder. According to the device, the units are classified into one-stage and two-stage, with and without separation of reduction stages.
What scuba gear consists of
Scuba diving assembly includes the following components:
- Balloon. It is a sturdy metal container containing pressurized air. On average, it is 200 - 300 atmospheres. The cylinder has a cylindrical shape and an elongated neck; different materials are used for its production: steel, aluminum alloys, titanium, carbon fiber. Steel tanks are susceptible to corrosion, therefore they are subjected to special treatment.
- Regulator. It includes a reducer and a lung demand valve. The functionality of the regulator is the correction of air pressure for its entry into the human lungs. The principle of operation of the device is quite simple: compressed air from the cylinder is directed to the reducer, where its pressure is reduced to an average level. Then, through the hose, the air enters the lung demand valve, in which it becomes breathable, as its pressure is normalized. The number of knobs may vary depending on the specific model.
- Buoyancy compensator. This equipment is equipped with the diver's buoyancy control during diving and while on the surface.
- Additional equipment is a mask, connecting hoses, belts, weight system. In addition to the above equipment, professional scuba divers often buy their own compressor - a unit for filling cylinders with compressed air. For novice divers, its purchase is not advisable, because such a device is quite expensive.
Where to buy scuba gear
Modern diving centers are ready to provide diving equipment for rent. To use this service, you only need to present a diver certificate. However, according to experienced scuba divers, it is better to have your own scuba gear, this gives confidence in the quality and reliability of the device and allows you to choose equipment based on personal preferences. Beginners can contact their diving instructor, he will give competent advice on choosing a store and advise which scuba gear is better to buy.
According to many buyers, it is better to purchase a set of equipment at a specialized outlet or order online from a reliable online store. The second option is preferable, as it makes it possible to study the description, reviews and rating of the product without leaving home.
Some craftsmen suggest not buying scuba gear, but making it yourself. There are step-by-step instructions on the Internet on how to make the unit yourself. However, such a product cannot replace professional equipment and ensure the safety of a diver, so risking your life and health is not worth it.
What to look for when choosing
Deciding which scuba gear to buy is not so easy. Choosing mistakes can not only lead to discomfort, but also cost the diver's life. Consider the following selection criteria:
- Tank capacity. The most common products with a volume of 7 to 18 liters. They are designed for operation at a pressure of 150 - 300 bar. For a comfortable open water dive, approximately 2,500 liters of air is required. The best option is a 12-liter bottle. It is cheaper than a twin of two small containers, and more convenient than heavy 15 and 18 liter units. Diving in a shallow lake, as well as training dives, do not require a large supply of air; a compact 10-liter model is suitable for these purposes. For professionals, on the other hand, cylinders with increased capacity or pressure are needed.
- Material. Various materials are used for the manufacture of cylinders: aluminum, steel, composite alloy, carbon fiber.Aluminum models have better buoyancy, but they are inconvenient to transport due to their heavy weight on land. Such equipment is perfect for teaching and training. The popularity of steel models is due to their strength and durability of the material, however, it has negative buoyancy. These cylinders are usually used in conjunction with dry suits that carry additional weights around their belt.
- Dimensions. When choosing equipment, a scuba diver must take into account his configuration and height. For short divers, a product with a small height but a large diameter, or a pair of two compact models, is suitable.
- Price. Of course, the question of how much the equipment costs is essential for most people. However, it should be remembered that safety depends on the chosen cylinder, so you should not save on it. It is advisable to purchase new equipment from trusted and reliable manufacturers; before buying, it is useful to study the rating of quality products and advice from experienced divers.
Best Scuba Diving for 2020
Most inexpensive
1 l bottle, aluminum XS SCUBA (set)
Mini-cylinder of American production, designed for 100,000 service cycles or 10 years of use. Such units are used as auxiliary ones, as well as for breathing in gassed or smoky rooms (when extinguishing fires and carrying out rescue operations).
Characteristics: color - yellow, weight - 1.2 kg, material - aluminum, volume - 1 l, diameter - 8.1 cm, height - 36 cm, working pressure - 207 bar.
Average price: 19,440 rubles.
Advantages:
- long service life;
- includes yoke threaded adapter, din valve, cylinder;
- compactness;
- anti-corrosion material;
- attractive appearance;
- affordability.
Disadvantages:
- not suitable for long dives.
Steel cylinders for diving Aqua Lung Steel Cylinders
The unit is made of zinc-plated chrome-molybdenum steel. The product is completed with a protective net, a handle, various shoes and valves. The valves are made of high quality brass according to NFA 51105 standard and have a protective multilayer coating.
Characteristics: color - yellow, volume - 12 l, diameter - 17.1 cm, working pressure - 232 bar.
Average price: 24,924 rubles
Advantages:
- high quality;
- ergonomic handle;
- ease of transportation;
- anti-corrosion material;
- durability of valve valves;
- protective mesh and handle included.
Disadvantages:
- inconvenient for short people.
Diving tank FABER, steel, 12 l
The product of a famous Italian brand, made of high quality steel. An excellent option for technical diving and exploring underwater caves. Possible assembly of various configurations.
Characteristics: color - white, volume - 12 l, weight - 14.1 kg, diameter - 17.1 cm, working pressure - 232 bar.
Average price: 25,990 rubles.
Advantages:
- lightness in comparison with similar models from other manufacturers;
- reliability;
- perfect buoyancy;
- minimalistic design;
- long-term and safe operation.
Disadvantages:
- inconvenient for people with small stature.
Middle price segment
Cylinder 4.6 L, aluminum XS SCUBA (set) (yellow)
The unit is manufactured by Luxfer (USA) from a patented aluminum alloy that meets international standards. The product is completed with yoke screw and din valve. It is permissible to use gas mixtures containing no more than 40% oxygen. The minimum service life is 10 years.
Characteristics: color - yellow, weight - 5.3 kg, material - aluminum, volume - 4.6 l, diameter - 12.4 cm, height - 57 cm, working pressure - 207 bar.
Average price: 29,790 rubles.
Advantages:
- durability;
- high quality;
- light weight;
- compact dimensions;
- anti-corrosion material;
- external polish for added corrosion protection.
Disadvantages:
- only suitable for short dives to shallow depths.
5 liter cylinder, SCUBAPRO steel (140 mm)
This top diving brand product is ideal for teaching kids. The cylinder is made of chrome-molybdenum steel with alloy additions for strength and protection against corrosion. Warranty: 1 year.
Characteristics: color - black, weight - 7.32 kg, material - steel, volume - 5 l, diameter - 14 cm, height - 56 cm, working pressure - 200 bar.
Average price: 31,630 rubles
Advantages:
- compactness;
- resistance to mechanical stress;
- long service life;
- anti-oxidation treatment;
- triple staining;
- reliability.
Disadvantages:
- heavy weight;
- not designed for deep diving.
Cylinder 6 l, aluminum XS SCUBA (set) (polished metal)
Aluminum cylinder from the world's leading manufacturer of diving equipment. Designed for 100,000 operating cycles.
Characteristics: color - polished metal, weight - 6.9 kg, material - aluminum alloy, volume - 6 liters, diameter - 13.3 cm, height - 72 cm, working pressure - 207 bar.
Average price: 31,860 rubles.
Advantages:
- compactness;
- ease;
- anti-corrosion material;
- neutral buoyancy;
- valve and screw adapter included;
- stylish appearance.
Disadvantages:
- lower strength compared to steel models;
- not suitable for technical diving.
Premium class
Cylinder 12 l, aluminum XS SCUBA (set) (blue)
The complete set of the model includes a din-type valve, screw-in adapter, shoe and transport net. There are many colors to choose from: blue, green, purple, red, black, orange, polished metal.
Characteristics: weight - 14.2 kg, material - aluminum alloy, volume - 12 liters, diameter - 18.4 cm, height - 72 cm, working pressure - 207 bar.
Average price: 35080 rubles.
Advantages:
- long-term operation;
- attractive appearance;
- corrosion resistance;
- optimal capacity for amateur divers;
- the convenience of use;
- variety of colors.
Disadvantages:
- not suitable for technical diving;
- high price.
Cylinder Faber 15 l 232 bar steel with shoe
The model is made of zinc-plated chrome-molybdenum steel and is equipped with a shoe for stability in standing position. Can be equipped with Z-shaped or V-shaped valves, as well as other accessories. The neck of the product has a plastic plug to protect it from dust and moisture.
Characteristics: diameter - 20.3 cm, volume - 15 l, working pressure - 200 bar.
Average price: 35,930 rubles.
Advantages:
- reliable manufacturer;
- high quality;
- strength;
- resistance to salt water;
- additional anti-corrosion treatment;
- large capacity.
Disadvantages:
- the valve is purchased separately;
- high price.
Cylinder 12 l, SCUBAPRO steel (171 mm)
The equipment is made of durable chromium-molybdenum steel with alloy additions. The cylinder is completed with a modular valve, a shoe, an INT / DIN adapter, a protective cover for the valve.
Characteristics: weight - 15 kg, volume - 12 liters, diameter - 17.1 cm, height - 77 cm, working pressure - 232 bar.
Average price: 37,840 rubles.
Advantages:
- durable and reliable material;
- light weight;
- corrosion resistance;
- long operation;
- suitable for long dives;
- full set.
Disadvantages:
- high price.
12L Short cylinder, SCUBAPRO steel (204mm)
Product from a world renowned American manufacturer, made of durable zinc plated stainless steel. A triple layer of epoxy paint and a special anti-oxidation treatment ensure the reliability and durability of the equipment. The set includes a shoe, an INT / DIN adapter, a one-way valve and a protective cover for it.
Characteristics: diameter - 20.4 cm, volume - 12 l, weight - 15 kg, height - 60.5 cm, working pressure - 232 bar.
Average price: 37,840 rubles.
Advantages:
- convenient model for short people;
- strength;
- reliable protection against corrosion;
- long service life;
- resistance to mechanical stress;
- reduced wall thickness;
- full set.
Disadvantages:
- high price.
The choice of diving equipment is a responsible and serious task for any scuba diver. It should be remembered that even the best and most reliable scuba gear requires careful handling and regular servicing. If you have experience using the scuba gear presented in the review, or other interesting models, tell us about it in the comments.
